Impact Of Management On The Development Of Organizational...

The Hawthorne studies were initiated in 1924 by the management of the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company in Chicago (Levitt List 2011). The Studies are referred to as the â€Å"behavior modifying effects of being the subject of social investigation† (Wickstorm Bendix 2000). The leading man behind the experiments Elton Mayo developed the study to make further inquiry into what factors affect productivity in the workplace. Ever since the studies were conducted between 1927 and 1933 (Wickstorm Bendix 2000) there has been much speculation of whether or not these results should be used to make a fundamental change in the development of management in society. This essay will cover the various aspects of management that has been†¦show more content†¦Stage one of the experiment aimed at examining the effect of changes in working arrangements upon productivity (Gale 2004). During this stage five girls were transferred from the factory floor to a special test r oom where their output of relays was recorded for over two years, during which a large number of alterations were made to their working conditions (Carey 1967). One of the changes made was to the illumination values in the factory environment. When the light was cut down to .06 of a foot candle the girls maintained their efficiency (Carey 1967). They found that only extremely low illumination caused decreases in levels of production (Broches 2008). According to Carey (1967) the conclusion came as a great â€Å"à ©claircissement† as the founding’s were quite different from what they had expected. The results identified the importance of social satisfactions at work and researches were puzzled to observe that productivity continued to rise regardless of the changes made to the physical working environment. At the end of the two years the results found that the girls output had increased by about 30 percent (Carey 1967) and physicians indicated improved workers health an d a decrease in absenteeism (Broches 2008). Due to the steady increase in output the investigators took into